Non-exhaustive lists with "dengdeng"

Nível: HSK 4 | Categoria: Gramática

Explicação da Regra:

等等 (děng děng) or simply 等 (děng), is just like saying “and so on” or “etc.” in English, but it's just a bit more formal. Both are placed after listing a series of items (generally with a list that exceeds two items). The basic structure is easy. Just make a list of things and add 等 (děng) or 等等 (děng děng) to the end of the list. It's the same as in English when we use "etc." at the end of a list, except in Chinese you don't put a final comma before the 等 or 等等. A1，A2 ⋯⋯ 等 / 等等 等 (děng) can also be added to the end of a list and is followed by a noun that represents the list. In this case, you can only use 等:

Exemplos com Falantes Nativos:

• 西瓜、菠萝、葡萄等等，我都喜欢吃。 (xīguā、bōluó、pútáo děngděng ，wǒ dū xǐhuān chī 。): "I like watermelons, pineapples, grapes, etc."
• 我爸爸很喜欢运动，比如跑步、游泳、打羽毛球等等。 (wǒ bàbà hěn xǐhuān yùndòng ，bǐrú pǎobù、yóuyǒng、dǎyǔmáoqíu děngděng 。): "My dad likes sports, such as running, swimming, playing badminton, etc."
• BruceLi、JackieChan、JetLi等都是功夫明星。 (Bruce Li、Jackie Chan、Jet Li děng dū shì gōngfū míngxīng 。): "BruceLi, JackieChan, JetLi, etc. are all kung fu stars."
• 我们公司有市场部、设计部、技术部等等。 (wǒmen gōngsī yǒu shìchángbù、shèjìbù、jìzhúbù děngděng 。): "Our company has marketing department, design department, technology department and so on."
• 联合国的工作语言有英语、法语、西班牙语等。 (liánhéguó de gōngzuò yǔyán yǒu yīngyǔ、fǎyǔ、xībānyáyǔ děng 。): "The working languages ​​of the United Nations are English, French and Spanish."

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