Result complements "-dao" and "-jian"

Nível: HSK 2 | Categoria: Gramática

Fórmula Sintática: Subj. + (没) + Verb + 到 / 见 + Obj.

Explicação da Regra:

Two of the most common result complements in Chinese are 到 (dào) and 见 (jiàn). On this page we're only going to be talking about verbs related to the senses ("see," "hear," etc.), and for this usage, the two are interchangeable. Result complements are a huge topic in Chinese grammar, but you can approach them in stages. The structure you come across the most is a verb with 到 (dào): Subj. + Verb + 到 + Obj. What 到 (dào) does is indicate that the outcome of the verb is achieved - what its result is. Without a result complement, the sentence would describe only the action itself. To illustrate, 看 (kàn) "to look" is the action of turning your head in a particular direction and focusing your eyes, whereas 看到 (kàndào), "to see," is the result of your brain taking in the visual input. It may sound a little hokey, but it really is possible to "look but not see," and Chinese makes a clear distinction between the action and the result. The complement 见 (jiàn) is very similar to 到 (dào), and it is used in the same way: Subj. + Verb + 见 + Obj. However, there is a difference. 见 (jiàn) is generally only used after verbs involving one of the senses, like 听 (tīng) and 看 (kàn), whereas 到 (dào) can be attached to a large variety of verbs, which we will discuss at a higher level later. • 你 看 见 那 个 帅哥 了 吗 ？ Nǐ kànjiàn nàge shuàigē le ma? • 你 看到 那 个 帅哥 了 吗 ？ Nǐ kàndào nàge shuàigē le ma?Did you see that handsome guy? • 我 看 见 了 。 We didn't say what "I" saw; you have to infer it from the context.Wǒ kànjiàn le. • 我 看 到 了 。 Wǒ kàndào le.I saw it. • 你 听 见 了 吗 ？ Nǐ tīngjiàn le ma? • 你 听 到 了 吗 ？ Nǐ tīngdào le ma?Did you hear it?

Exemplos com Falantes Nativos:

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